Qualitative study on the meaning of life in patients with advanced lung cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the meaning of life in patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods:A total of 21 patients with advanced lung cancer who were hospitalized in the Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University from April 2018 to July 2018 were selected for in-depth interviews using qualitative research method, and the collected data were analyzed with the Colaizzi 7-step Colaizzi method.Results:Three dimensions, seven themes were extracted. The core of the meaning of life was "self-iteration", which included the two themes of self-recognition and cherishing life; the existence form of the meaning of life was "you-wei", which included the two themes of self-reliance and altruismin; the meaning of life was embodied in three levels: life -reviewing, including gratitude, stigma and avoidance; cherishing the present, including using the support system, active response, independence and integrity; confronting the future, including accompanying relatives, preparing for death, living with high quality of life.Conclusions:Medical care providers and family members can provide targeted professional guidance and psychological support according to the characteristics of patients to help them discover the meaning of life, thereby enhancing their sense of meaning of life, improving the quality of life, and achieving a good end.

The effect of narrative nursing on the meaning and quality of life in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the impact of narrative nursing on the meaning and quality of life in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods:A total of 86 chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer hospitalized in the Oncology Department of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from October 2020 to November 2021 were selected and divided into control group with 42 cases and narrative group with 44 cases by random number table method. The control group was treated with routine nursing of patients with tumor chemotherapy while the narrative group was implemented on narrative nursing intervention as well as routine nursing. A total of 12 to 14 times, each chemotherapy period was 7 times. The effect of the intervention was assessed by Meaning in Life Scale for Advanced Cancer Patients (MiLS)、Chinese Version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung(FACT-L 4.0) and Distress Thermometer (DT) before intervention, 1 week, 3 weeks and 2 months after intervention.Results:Forty cases in the control group and 42 cases in the narrative group were involved in the statistical analysis. Two months after intervention, the total score of MiLS, the score of the will to search for meaning, the meaning of life and satisfaction,existential frustration, life control, suffering tolerance and death acceptance in the control group were (98.60 ± 9.17), (14.90 ± 1.91), (13.38 ±2.62), (16.40 ± 2.73), (26.48 ± 3.19), (14.30 ± 1.68), (13.15 ± 3.07) points, which were significantly lower than those in the narrative group (112.02 ± 9.73), (16.45 ± 2.24), (16.31 ± 1.96), (19.40 ± 2.42), (28.76 ±3.48), (16.14 ± 1.82), (14.95 ± 2.39) points, and the difference were statistically significant ( t value were -6.42 --2.98, all P<0.01), and the main effect between groups and time were statistically significant ( F values were 2.76-24.47, all P<0.05). Two months after intervention, the total score of FACT-L, social/family status, emotional status, functional status and lung cancer specific module in control group were (90.75 ± 11.65), (18.58 ± 3.75), (15.65 ± 3.85), (13.48 ± 3.34), (22.00 ± 4.93) points, which were lower than those in the narrative group (102.12 ± 9.32), (20.36 ± 4.29), (18.10 ± 3.25), (16.74 ± 4.05), (24.80 ±3.83) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were-4.89--1.99, all P<0.05), and there was intergroup effect ( F values were 5.14-24.47, all P<0.05). Three weeks and 2 months after intervention, the psychological distress score of control group were (3.88 ± 2.73), (3.60 ± 2.19) points, which were significantly higher than the narrative group (2.52 ± 2.18), (1.90 ± 1.78) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.50, 3.85, both P<0.05), with a time, groups, interaction effect ( F=15.29, 15.86, 2.80, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Narrative nursing can effectively improve the meaning and quality of life and relieve psychological distress in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Sentido de vida en adultos mayores institucionalizados desde el enfoque Humanista-Existencial / Meaning of Life in Institutionalized Older Adults from the Humanist-Existential Approach

Resumen Objetivo. Identificar el sentido de vida en un grupo de adultos mayores institucionalizados, desde una perspectiva humanista-existencial. Método. Se efectuó un diseño cualitativo fenomenológico en el que se entrevistaron a 8 adultos mayores con edades entre 74 y 99 años, bajo la técnica de relato de vida, efectuándose un análisis narrativo temático. Resultados. Se observaron 3 ejes temáticos (actividades previas a la institución, historia de vida personal y acontecimientos vitales en torno al sufrimiento). De estos, se desprendieron los valores existenciales que permitieron dar cuenta de un sentido de vida en los adultos mayores institucionalizados. En conclusión, los adultos mayores orientan su vida hacia sí mismos, hacia las demás personas dentro de la institución y presentan un sentido hacia la muerte.

Abstract Objective. Identify the meaning of life in a group of institutionalized older adults, from a humanistic-existential perspective. Method. A phenomenological qualitative design was carried out where eight older adults aged between 74 and 99 years were interviewed, using the life story technique, carrying out a thematic narrative analysis. Results. Three thematic axes were observed (activities prior to the institution, history of personal life, and vital events around suffering). From these, the existential values that allowed to give an account of a meaning of life in institutionalized older adults emerged. In conclusion, older adults orient their life towards themselves, towards other people within the institution, and have a meaning of death.

El sentido de la vida en los relatos de discontinuidad de la carrera delictiva: análisis cualitativo de dos casos / The meaning of life in the stories of discontinuity of the criminal career: qualitative analysis of two cases / O sentido da vida nas histórias de descontinuidade da carreira riminosa: análise qualitativa de dois casos

Resumen El estudio de la relación entre el sentido de la vida y la persistencia o desistimiento de la carrera delictiva, así como su aplicabilidad en el tratamiento de delincuentes, han recibido escasa atención en el ámbito de la criminología. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en explorar la presencia o ausencia del sentido de vida desde el paradigma de la criminología narrativa. Para ello, estudiamos los relatos de dos varones españoles con extensa carrera delictiva: uno que dejó de delinquir hace 21 años y otro que persiste en la actualidad. Se llevó a cabo un análisis cualitativo sobre tres categorías indicadoras del sentido de vida: comprensión de la propia vida, propósito de vida y sentimiento de importancia. Los resultados indicaron que el relato de desistimiento contenía múltiples referencias al hallazgo de un sentido de vida, en tanto que el entrevistado observó que su hallazgo contribuyó a la finalización del comportamiento ilícito. Por el contrario, el relato de persistencia destacó una experiencia de vacío existencial, la cual condicionaba la continuidad delictiva. Los programas de intervención, cuyo propósito es la prevención de la delincuencia o de la reincidencia, podrían beneficiarse de las aportaciones de un modelo centrado en el sentido de la vida que favorezca el desarrollo de nuevas narrativas resilientes.

Abstract The study of the relationship between the meaning of life and the persistence or withdrawal of the criminal career, as well as its applicability in the treatment of offenders, has received little attention in the field of Criminology. The aim of this work was to explore the presence or absence of the meaning of life from the paradigm of narrative criminology. To do this, we studied the stories of two Spanish men with extensive criminal careers: one who stopped committing crimes 21 years ago and another who persists today. A qualitative analysis was carried out on three categories indicating the meaning of life: understanding of one's own life, life purpose and feeling of importance. The results indicated that the withdrawal report contained multiple references to the finding of a sense of life, while the interviewee observed that its finding contributed to the end of the illicit behavior. On the contrary, the story of persistence highlighted an experience of existential emptiness, which conditioned the criminal continuity. Intervention programmes, whose purpose is the prevention of crime or recidivism, could benefit from the contributions of a model focused on the meaning of life that favours the development of new resilient narratives.

Resumo O estudo da relação entre o sentido da vida e a persistência ou retirada da carreira criminosa, bem como sua aplicabilidade no tratamento dos infratores, tem recebido pouca atenção no campo da Criminologia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi explorar a presença ou ausência do sentido da vida a partir do paradigma da criminologia narrativa. Para isso, estudamos as histórias de dois espanhóis com extensas carreiras criminosas: um que parou de cometer crimes há 21 anos e outro que persiste até hoje. Uma análise qualitativa foi realizada em três categorias indicando o sentido da vida: compreensão da própria vida, propósito de vida e sentimento de importância. Os resultados indicaram que o relatório de retirada continha múltiplas referências à constatação de um sentido de vida, enquanto o entrevistado observou que seu achado contribuiu para o fim do comportamento ilícito. Pelo contrário, a história da persistência destacou uma experiência de vazio existencial, que condiz com a continuidade criminal. Os programas de intervenção, cujo objetivo é a prevenção do crime ou da reincidência, poderiam beneficiarse das contribuições de um modelo focado no sentido da vida que favoreça o desenvolvimento de novas narrativas resilientes.

Consumo de riesgo de alcohol y sentido de vida en adolescentes de 18 a 20 años en Tezontepec de Aldama / Risk consumption of alcohol and its impact on the meaning of life in adolescents aged 18 to 20 in Tezontepec de Aldama

Introducción: el consumo de alcohol aumento en los últimos años en adolescentes, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) indica que América Latina se posiciona en primer lugar de consumo y México ocupa el décimo lugar, en la población adolescente 38.8 % ha consumido alcohol alguna vez en su vida. Objetivo: conocer el nivel de consumo de riesgo de alcohol y el sentido de vida en los adolescentes de 18 a 20 años de edad de la comunidad de Presas, Tezontepec de Aldama, Hidalgo. Material y métodos: de aplicabilidad básica, cuantitativo, con un nivel de alcance descriptivo; diseño metodológico no experimental (observacional), prolectivo, transversal, prospectivo. Resultados: por medio de la escala dimensional del sentido de vida, 34 participantes refieren tener una búsqueda de sentido de vida expresan, experimentar una vida sin propósito y sin sentido, aunque en ocasiones poseen momentos en los que se sienten orientados. En cuanto, al instrumento de medición AUDIT, 10 participantes refieren tener un alto consumo de alcohol. Conclusión: hoy el alcohol sigue siendo un problema en la comunidad adolescente al mismo tiempo impacta de manera negativa en su sentido de vida.

Introduction: adolescent alcohol consumption has increased in recent years. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that Latin America is ranked first in this consumption and Mexico's adolescent population occupies tenth place. 38.8% of them have consumed alcohol at some point in their life as much as you have consumed in the last year. Objective: to know the level of risky alcohol consumption and the meaning of life in adolescents between 18 and 20 years of age in the community of Presas, Tezontepec de Aldama. Material and methods: of basic applicability with a quantitative approach and with a descriptive scope level, with a methodological design; non-experimental (observational), prolective, transversal, prospective. Results: 34 participants report having a search for a sense of life, expressing that they are people who experience a life without purpose and meaning, although sometimes they have moments when they feel oriented. Regarding the results of the AUDIT Measurement Instrument, 10 participants report having a high consumption of alcohol, stating that they are personnel who consume alcohol more frequently. Conclusion: alcohol is still a problem in the community today. Adolescent at the same time negatively impacts their sense of life; since young people who are at risk of alcohol have a low meaning of life

Application of logotherapy-based intervention on palliative care for middle aged patients with advanced lung cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore application value of logotherapy-based intervention on palliative care for middle aged patients with advanced lung cancer, in order to provide reference for assistant of their hospice.Methods:Totally, 72 middle aged patients with advanced lung cancer from October 2018 to April 2019 in the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Chest Hospital were divided into experimental group and control group according to the patients enrolled time, with 36 cases in each group. The patients in the control group recieved routine nursing, the experimental group carried out 3 times of logotherapy based on the routine nursing. Before and after intervention, the effects was assessed by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual (FACIT-Sp-12) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), respectively.Results:There was no significant difference in FACT-G, FACIT-Sp-12, HADS before intervention between the two groups( P>0.05). After intervention, the sociafamily condition, emotional condition demension scores and total scores in FACT-G were (12.75±3.55), (13.41±2.61), (43.31±4.23) points, the belief, meaning, peace demension scores as well as total scores in FACIT-Sp-12 were (11.78±1.58), (11.06±2.27), (10.19±2.33), (33.03±3.46) points in the experimental group, significantly higher than those in the control group (10.88±3.12), (11.45±3.06), (38.82±5.06), (9.73±1.39), (9.67±1.73), (8.70±2.24), (28.09±2.89) points ( t values were 2.260-6.259, P<0.05), the anxiety, depression subscale and total HADS scores were (9.19±2.36), (8.56±1.98), (17.75±3.12) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than those in the control group (10.42±1.84), (9.97±2.19), (20.39±2.50) points, the differences were statistically significant (t values were 2.352-3.776, P<0.05). Conclusions:Logotherapy-based intervention can promote quality of life and spiritual comfort and allivate nagetive emotion of middle aged patients with advanced lung cancer.

El sentido de vida, una condición existencial / The meaning of life, an existential condition

El ser humano siempre ha estado en la constante búsqueda de sentido y preguntándose por su existencia. El hombre moderno además de encontrase en esa búsqueda, también se halla permeado por la angustia constante, está sometido a la cosificación de sí mismo, la hipeconectividad, el consumismo, la incertidumbre y la inmediatez, lo cual lo conduce de manera casi inminente al aburrimiento y el tedio, es decir, a la frustración existencial, llevándolo a enfrentarse con sus pseudosatisfactores y dejándolo de cara ante el vacío de su propia existencia y el cuestionamiento: ¿para qué estoy en el mundo?

Human beings have been in a constant search for meaning and wondering about its existence. The modern man, in addition to finding himself in this search, is also permeated by constant anguish, is subjected to the objectification of himself, hyper-connectivity, consumerism, uncertainty and immediacy, which leads him almost imminently to boredom, which is existential frustration, leading him to face his pseudo-satisfiers and leaving him face to face with the emptiness of his own existence and the question: what am I in the world for?

Estructura factorial del sentido de coherencia y su relación de apego / Estrutura fatorial do senso de coerência e sua relação com o apego / Factorial structure of the Sense of Coherence and its relation with attachment

El sentido de coherencia se conforma por tres factores: comprensibilidad, manejabilidad y significatividad. En la investigación se analizó su estructura factorial a partir de la escala SOC-29 y su relación con de apego. Se plantearon tres hipótesis para valorar la confiabilidad, validez convergente y estructura factorial. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 445 participantes. El análisis estadístico se basó en técnicas descriptivas, alfa de Cronbach, correlación de Pearson y análisis factorial confirmatorio. Los resultados obtenidos aportan evidencias en favor de las hipótesis, con una consistencia interna de α=.82, una correlación significativa de apego r=.27 a .83 y un ajuste aceptable del modelo x²=1275.88, CFI=.85, RMSEA=.07 [.06-.07], SRMR=.04. Terminado el estudio, se ha destacado la importancia del cambio lingüístico realizado para adaptar la escala al contexto ecuatoriano; se mencionan dos limitaciones importantes referentes a su aplicación como autorrelato y la localización geográfica, a considerar para trabajos posteriores. (AU)

O senso de coerência é formado por três fatores: compreensibilidade, gerenciabilidade e significância. Na pesquisa, sua estrutura fatorial foi analisada por ser avaliada com a escala SOC-29 e sua relação com o apego. Três hipóteses foram propostas para avaliar confiabilidade, validade convergente e estrutura fatorial. A amostra foi composta por 445 participantes. A análise estatística foi baseada em técnicas descritivas, alfa de Cronbach, correlação de Pearson e análise fatorial confirmatória. Os resultados fornecem evidência para as hipóteses com uma consistência interna de α = 0,82, uma correlação significativa r = 0,27 a 0,83 e ajuste aceitável do modelo x² = 1275.88, CFI = 0,85, RMSEA = 0,07 [0,06-0,07], SRMR = 0,04. O artigo está terminado, enfatizando a importância da mudança linguística feita para adaptar a escala ao contexto equatoriano. Duas limitações importantes são mencionadas em relação à sua aplicação como autorrelato e localização geográfica, a serem levadas em conta para o trabalho subsequente. (AU)

The Sense of Coherence is formed by three factors: comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. In this study, its factorial structure was analyzed through assessment with the SOC-29 scale and its relationship with attachment. Three hypotheses were proposed to assess the reliability, convergent validity and factorial structure, using a sample of 445 participants. Statistical analysis was based on descriptive techniques, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation and confirmatory factor analysis. The results obtained provide evidence in favor of the hypotheses, with an internal consistency of α=.82, a significant correlation with attachment r=.27 to .83 and an acceptable fit of the model x²=1275.88, CFI=.85, RMSEA=.07 [.06-.07], SRMR=.04. The study highlights the importance of the linguistic changes made to adapt the scale to the Ecuadorian context. Two important limitations are mentioned regarding its application as a self-report and the geographical location, which need to be taken into consideration in subsequent studies. (AU)

Relação entre sentido de vida e espiritualidade na América Latina: uma revisão integrativa da literatura / Relation between the meaning of life and spirituality in Latin America: An integrative literature review

Este estudo visa investigar a produção científica em Psicologia acerca da relação entre sentido de vida e espiritualidade, no contexto da América Latina. Realizou-se uma busca por artigos científicos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, indexados nas plataformas eletrônicas DOAJ, SciELO e Redalyc, os quais contivessem os termos "sentido de vida" e "espiritualidade" ou "religiosidade", em espanhol, inglês e português, publicados de 2007 a 2017. Foram excluídos artigos cujo texto completo não foi disponibilizado; que não apresentaram os descritores em qualquer parte do texto; e títulos duplicados. Os dados dos artigos selecionados foram registrados em planilha eletrônica, sendo submetidos a análises descritivas. Das referências recuperadas nas bases eletrônicas (N=3.009), apenas 19 artigos mostraram-se pertinentes ao estudo proposto. Os resultados apontaram que existe um baixo número de publicações correlacionando os construtos na Psicologia, indicando um campo de investigação a ser explorado, principalmente em relação à adaptação e validação de instrumentos psicométricos para mensuração do construto espiritualidade.

This study aims at investigating the scientific production in Psychology about the relation between meaning of life and spirituality in the context of Latin America. Scientific articles published in national and international journals, indexed in the electronic platforms DOAJ, SciELO and Redalyc were searched, containing the terms "meaning in life" and "spirituality" or "religiosity" in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, published from 2007 to 2017. Exclusion criteria included articles with no full text available, papers that did not present the descriptors in any part of the text or not related to each other, and duplicate titles. Data of the selected articles were recorded in an electronic spreadsheet and submitted to descriptive analyzes. Of the references retrieved from electronic databases (N = 3,009), only 19 articles were pertinent to the proposed study. Results indicated that there is a low number of publications correlating the constructs in Psychology, indicating a field of investigation to be explored, mainly in relation to the adaptation and validation of psychometric instruments for measurement of the spirituality construct.

Teste propósito de vida: propriedades psicométricas e evidências de validade / Purpose in life test: psychometric properties and validity evidence / Purpose in life test: propiedades psicométricas y evidencias de validez

O sentido de vida é o pressuposto fundamental da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial, e o PIL-Test (Teste Propósito de Vida) tem se consolidado como um dos instrumentos mais relevantes para sua mensuração. Este estudo analisou a estrutura fatorial desse instrumento, cujas análises ainda sustentam uma controvérsia quanto ao modelo mais consistente para sua explicação. Participaram da pesquisa 200 acadêmicos de Psicologia, com média de 23,62 anos (DP = 7,071). Além do poder discriminativo, homogeneidade e consistência interna dos itens do instrumento, realizou-se uma análise fatorial exploratória a partir de matriz de correlações policóricas, com o estimador DWLS. O estudo reuniu evidências psicométricas satisfatórias e de uma estrutura de um fator para a matriz dos itens, com índices de ajuste adequados, além de corroborar sugestões prévias quanto à exclusão de certos itens para uma estrutura mais reduzida e parcimoniosa. (AU)

The meaning of life is the central assumption of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis and the PIL-Test (Purpose in Life Test) has been consolidated as one of the most relevant instruments for its assessment. This study examined the instrument's factorial structure, whose analyses still sustain a controversy on the most reliable fit to explain it. A total of 200 Psychology students participated in the study, with average age of 23.62 years (SD = 7.071). Besides investigating the discriminant power, homogeneity and internal consistency of the instrument's items, an exploratory factorial analysis was conducted based on the polychoric correlation matrix and the DWLS estimation. The study gathered satisfactory psychometric evidence, indicating a one-factor structure for the matrix of the items with acceptable fit indices, as well as corroborating previous suggestions regarding the exclusion of certain items aimed at a smaller and more parsimonious structure. (AU)

El sentido de vida es el supuesto fundamental de la Logoterapia y el Análisis Existencial y el PIL-Test (Test de Propósito Vital) viene siendo consolidado como uno de los instrumentos más relevantes para su medición. Este estudio averiguó la estructura factorial de ese instrumento, cuyas análisis aún sostienen una controversia en cuanto al modelo más consistente para su explicación. Participaron de la investigación 200 académicos de Psicología, con promedio de 23,62 años (DS = 7,071). Además del poder discriminatorio, homogeneidad y consistencia interna de los ítems del instrumento, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio a partir de matriz de correlaciones policóricas, con el estimador DWLS. El estudio reunió evidencias psicométricas satisfactorias y de una estructura de un factor para la matriz de los ítems, con índices de ajuste adecuados, además de corroborar sugerencias previas en cuanto a la exclusión de ciertos ítems para una estructura más reducida y parsimoniosa. (AU)

A Construção do ser mulher na agricultura familiar: uma perspectiva lo goterapêutica / The construction of being a woman in family farming: a logotherapeutic perspective / La construcción del ser mujer en la agricultura familiar: una perspectiva logoterapéutica

Este trabalho buscou investigar a relação do "ser mulher" no contexto da agricultura familiar a partir de uma perspectiva logoterapêutica desenvolvida pelo austríaco Viktor Emil Frankl. Por meio de uma revisão narrativa de caráter qualitativo, buscou-se definir o perfil do Ser Mulher na agricultura familiar com o descritor "mulheres rurais" nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Foram utilizados materiais do período de publicação do ano de 2011 a 2016. Os materiais foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo resultando em duas categorias. Em "Ser mulher: uma construção autoral ou um destino a cumprir", identifica-se o ser mulher vinculado aos papeis de mãe, esposa e cuidadora, fruto de uma construção social. Por sua vez, "Mulheres agricultoras: sobre trabalho e parentalidade" trata das formas de trabalho não valorizadas vinculadas ao ser mãe e esposa. A partir do referencial da Logoterapia pode-se entender como constroem sentidos de vida e as alternativas de uma liberdade de sentido para uma escolha autêntica que promova saúde. A partir dessa compreensão, esperou-se possibilitar ao profissional da saúde reflexões que vislumbrem alternativas de intervenções logoterapêuticas para promoção de saúde e de existências mais plenas de sentido.

This work investigated how "being a woman" is cinstructed in the context of family farming from a logotherapeutic perspective developed by the austrian Viktor Emil Frankl. Through a qualitative narrative review, it was sought to define the profile of "being a woman" in family farming with the descriptor "rural women" in the databases Virtual Health Library (BVS) andBiblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Materials published from 2011 to 2016 were used and analyzed by content analysis resulting in two categories. "Being a woman: an authorial construction or a destiny to fulfill" identifies the construction of being a woman tied to the roles of mother, wife and caregiver, resulted from a social construction. In turn, "Women farmers: work and parenting" approaches undervalued types of work related to being a mother and wife. From the referencial of Logoterapy it can be understood how they find meanings of life and the alternatives of a freedom of meaning for an authentic choice that promotes health. From this understanding, we hope to promote reflections to health professionals to envisage alternative logotherapeutic interventions to promote health and more meaningful lives.

Este trabajo busca investigar la relación del "ser mujer" en el contexto de la agricultura familiar a partir de una perspectiva logoterapéutica, desarrollada por el austríaco Viktor Emil Frankl. Por medio de una revisión narrativa de carácter cualitativo, se buscó definir el perfil del Ser Mujer en la agricultura familiar, con la expresión "mujeres rurales" en las bases de datos Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) y la Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Fueron utilizados materiales con publicación en el periodo de 2011 a 2016. Los mismos fueron analizados por medio de su contenido, resultando en dos categorías. En "Ser mujer: una construcción autoral o un destino a cumplir" se identifica el ser mujer vinculado a los papeles de madre, esposa y cuidadora, fruto de una construcción social. Por otro lado, "Mujeres agricultoras: sobre trabajo y la crianza de los hijos" trata de las formas de trabajo no valorizadas vinculadas al ser madre y esposa. A partir del paradigma de la Logoterapia se puede entender como se construyen sentidos de vida y las alternativas de una libertad de sentido para una elección auténtica que promueva salud. A partir de esta comprensión, se espera posibilitar que los profesionales de la salud reflexionen y vislumbren alternativas de intervenciones logoterapéuticas para promoción de salud y de existencias más llenas de sentido

Fontes de sentido de vida para idosas longevas / Sources of meaning for the elderly / Fuentes de sentido de la vida para las personas de edad avanzada

No Brasil, o número de idosos longevos está crescendo de forma significativa. Compreender as fontes de sentido de vida para essa população pode auxiliar nas reflexões da comunidade acadêmica para melhor atendê-la. Oito idosas longevas foram entrevistadas e, através da perspectiva de análise fenomenológica, buscou-se compreender quais as fontes de sentido das suas vidas. A família e a fé aparecem como aspectos centrais, ratificando-se o que existe na literatura.

In Brazil, the number of aged people is growing significantly. Understanding the sources of meaning of life for this population can help reflections of the academic community to better serve it. Eight elderly women were interviewed and, through the perspective of phenomenological analysis, they sought to understand the sources of meaning in their lives. Family and faith appear as central aspects, confirming what exists in literature.

En Brasil, el número de ancianos longevos está creciendo de forma significativa. Comprender las fuentes de sentido de vida para esa población puede auxiliar en las reflexiones de la comunidad académica para mejor atenderla. Ocho ancianas longevas fueron entrevistadas y, a través de la perspectiva de análisis fenomenológico, se buscó comprender cuáles las fuentes de sentido de sus vidas. La familia y la fe aparecen como aspectos centrales, ratificando lo que existe en la literatura.

Study of relationship among sense of meaning of life, experiential avoidance and self consistency in patients under hemodialysis based on theory of logotherapie / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective Analysis the relationship between influencing factors and self consistency among patients under maintenance hemodialysis. Methods A total of 146 patients under maintenance hemodialysis were investigated , Research tools include: the self-designed basic information questionnaire, Self Consistency and Congruence Scale, The Meaning in Life Questionnaire,and Acceptance Action Questionnaire. One-way anova, correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between influencing factors and self consistency. Results The average score of self consistency and congruence was (94.34±16.13). The score of self-stereotype dimension was (21.22±5.16), higher than that of norm of college students (t=5.132,P<0.01).While there was no difference in the other 2 dimensions of self consistency. The predictors of self consistency and congruence included Duration of dialysis, education level, sense of meaning of life, and experiential avoidance of patients,and these explained 55.40% of the total variance. Conclusions Promoting sense of meaning of life and lower experiential avoidance may help to improve self consistency and congruence for patients under maintenance hemodialysis.

Aspectos bioéticos desde la visión personalista de la espiritualidad en el manejo de las personas en el área de la salud / Bioethical aspects from the personalist vision of spirituality in the management of people in the health area

Introducción: Por regla general todos los trabajadores de la salud han sido modelados por el paradigma científico de la modernidad que ha hecho una separación drástica entre cuerpo y mente y entre ser humano y naturaleza. Pero porque no se ha considerado en el abordaje de la espiritualidad en paciente sanos o con patologías que no necesariamente amenazan la vida? Esta interrogante debe darse respuesta tanto desde el punto de vista holístico y como parte de la ética del cuidado. No se puede separar al ser humano al cuidarlo solo en lo biológico o psicológico, el aspecto espiritual ha de ser abordado. Objetivos: Determinar qué aspectos de la Bioética están relacionados con la espiritualidad en el manejo de los pacientes. Paciente y Métodos: estudio cualitativo mediante Revisión sistemática de la literatura médica publicada en los siguientes buscadores: scielo, HINARI, pubmed, revisión de artículos publicados y manuales de Bioética y Espiritualidad, revisión de publicaciones en congreso, conferencias sobre Bioética y Espiritualidad. Resultados: El número total de artículos identificados fue de 101 (MEDLINE) y 135 (CINAHL). Después de tamizar, la recopilación de otros artículos que hablan sobre un aspecto de la espiritualidad, pero no el término en sí mismo (por ejemplo, la esperanza); la realización de búsquedas manuales en bibliografías o referido por sus compañeros que no se encuentran en la búsqueda de la literatura original, 58 artículos se consideraron pertinentes y se discuten aquí en el análisis temático. Los investigadores, que se sitúan en este campo, inevitablemente sugieren estudiar la espiritualidad desde una perspectiva más cualitativa, con el argumento de que porque la espiritualidad ha de ser experimentado que no se puede medir. Las palabras de McGrath encarnan la idea central de esta perspectiva, "conceptualmente, la espiritualidad no puede ser entendido como una entidad independiente que se mide y se registra. Los investigadores tienen que estar abiertos a la gran cantidad de formas en que los individuos construyen significado". Las necesidades espirituales de los pacientes de cuidados paliativos la naturaleza de la esperanza en los cuidados paliativos; herramientas y terapias relacionadas con la espiritualidad; efectos de la religión en los cuidados paliativos; y la espiritualidad y los profesionales de cuidados paliativos. En otros estudios se han informado que la espiritualidad y aspectos relacionados (por ejemplo, la oración, la meditación) han tenido un efecto positivo en: dolor crónico; psoriasis en pacientes que reciben fototerapia; función inmune; menos efectos adversos en pacientes cardíacos; mayor apoyo social y menos síntomas depresivos entre los pacientes geriátricos; aumento de la salud física y mental. Conclusión: existen evidencias para nada despreciables de que la espiritualidad tiene relación con el estado de salud y calidad de vida de las personas, que explorarlas, trabajarlas produce un bien en el ser persona del paciente, visto en su totalidad como ser digno en cualquier circunstancia, por tanto es ético tener que abordarlo adecuadamente

Introduction: As a general rule all health workers have been modeled by the scientific paradigm of modernity that has made a drastic separation between body and mind and between human and nature. But because it has not been considered in the approach of spirituality in healthy patients or with pathologies that do not necessarily threaten life? This question must be answered both holistically and as part of the ethics of care. It is not possible to separate the human being by taking care of it only in the biological or psychological, the spiritual aspect has to be approached. Objectives: To determine which aspects of bioethics are related to spirituality in the management of patients. Patient and Methods: qualitative study through Systematic Review of medical literature published in the following search engines: scielo, HINARI, pubmed, review of published articles and manuals Of Bioethics and Spirituality, review of publications in congress, conferences on Bioethics and Spirituality. Results: The total number of articles identified was 101 (MEDLINE) and 135 (CINAHL). After sifting, the compilation of other articles that speak about an aspect of spirituality, but not the term itself (eg, hope); The accomplishment of manual searches in bibliographies or referred by his companions that are not in the search of the original literature, 58 articles were considered pertinent and are discussed here in the thematic analysis. Researchers, who are in this field, inevitably suggest studying spirituality from a more qualitative perspective, arguing that because spirituality has to be experienced it can not be measured. McGrath's words embody the central idea of this perspective, "conceptually, spirituality can not be understood as an independent entity that is measured and recorded "Researchers have to be open to the myriad ways in which individuals construct meaning" the spiritual needs of palliative care patients the nature of hope in palliative care; Tools and therapies related to spirituality; Effects of religion on palliative care; And spirituality and palliative care professionals. Other studies have reported that spirituality and related aspects (eg, prayer, meditation) have had a positive effect on: chronic pain; Psoriasis in patients receiving phototherapy; Immune function; Fewer adverse effects in cardiac patients; Greater social support and fewer depressive symptoms among geriatric patients; Increased physical and mental health. Conclusion: there is no evidence that spirituality is related to the health and quality of life of people, to explore them, to work them produces a good in the person of the patient, seen in its totality as being worthy in any circumstance, So it is ethical to have to address it properly.

Mediating effect of positive emotion on relationship between cognition reappraisal and meaning of life in freshmen / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of positive emotion on relationship between cognition reappraisal and meaning of life in freshmen.Methods:Totally 192 freshmen[62 males and 130 females,aged 18 to 22 years,mean age (20 ± 2) years] were assessed with the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ),Positive words of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Chinese version of the Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ).Interval of 3 months of longitudinal data was used to investigate the mediating role of positive emotions in cognitive reappraisal sense and meaning of life.Results:The EPQ scores were positively correlated with the scores of PA,MLQ-P,and MLQ-S(r =0.17-0.26,Ps ＜ 0.05).The PA scores were positively correlated with the scores of MLQ-P and MLQ-S (r =0.16-0.35,Ps ＜0.05).Bootstrap test showed that positive emotions mediated meaning of life through cognitive reappraisal (95％ CI:0.065-0.295).The structural equation model proved to exhibit an appropriate data fit (x2/df=1.58,RMSEA =0.06,CFI =0.98,GFI =0.95).Conclusion:It indicates that cognitive reappraisal is related to meaning of life and positive emotions,and positive emotions mediate the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and meaning of life among freshmen.

Psicografía: una estrategia de estudio de los sentidos personales del ser humano

En este artículo se plantean las líneas generales de la psicografía como diseño de investigación en el ámbito de la ciencia psicológica. Es una estrategia metodológica de investigación que permite describir la vida de la persona, comprender su sentido de vida. Específicamente, describe la forma en que el ser humano expresa, recrea, afirma y realiza su sentido de vida, el modo en que la organización, la dinámica y el sentido de desarrollo de su personalidad mediatiza sus desplazamientos y creaciones en la comunidad donde existe.

In this article the general lines of psychography are presented as research design in the field of psychological science. It is a methodological research strategy that allows describing the life of the person, understanding their sense of life. Specifically, it describes the way in which the human being expresses, recreates, affirms and realizes his sense of life, the way in which the organization, the dynamics and the sense of development of his personality mediate his displacements and creations in the community where he exists.

Neste artigo, as linhas gerais da psicografia são apresentadas como projeto de pesquisa no campo da ciência psicológica. É uma estratégia de pesquisa metodológica que permite descrever a vida da pessoa, compreendendo seu sentido de vida. Especificamente, descreve a maneira pela qual o ser humano expressa, recria, afirma e realiza seu sentido de vida, a maneira pela qual a organização, a dinâmica e o sentido de desenvolvimento de sua personalidade mediam seus deslocamentos e criações na comunidade onde ele existe.

Logoterapia: compreendendo a teoria através de mapa de conceitos / Logotherapy: understanding theory through a concepts map / Logoterapia: comprendiendo la teoría mediante un mapa conceptual

O interesse pela Logoterapia e Análise Existencial tem crescido desde a sua fundação, tanto por profissionais clínicos quanto por outros de áreas diversas. Compreender um sistema teórico não é uma tarefa fácil, exige muita dedicação, especialmente para um iniciante, sobretudo no que toca às relações entre os conceitos. O diagrama é um recurso de ensino-aprendizagem que pode ser usado para facilitar a explanação. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um mapa de conceitos da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial. Utilizamos uma técnica denominada análise contrastiva que permite a organização de conceitos a partir de uma estrutura textual. O resultado é um mapa conceitual das principais relações entre os conceitos do sistema teórico investigado.

The interest in Logotherapy and Existential Analysis has increased since its inception, both by clinicians and by other professionals. However, to understand a theoretical system is not an easy task, especially for a beginner; it requires a lot of dedication, particularly to assimilate the interrelationships among its concepts. Thus, diagrams can be used to explicit them. In this sense, the goal of this paper is to present a concept map of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis. Therefore, we use contrastive analysis to organize the concepts extracted from specialized texts. The result was just a conceptual map containing interrelationships among the main concepts of the theoretical system investigated.

El interés por la Logoterapia y Análisis Existencial ha crecido desde su creación, tanto por los clínicos y otros profesionales en diversos campos. Sin embargo, la comprensión de un sistema teórico no es una tarea fácil, especialmente para un principiante, requiere mucha dedicación, principalmente con respecto a las relaciones entre los conceptos. Por lo tanto, se pueden utilizar diagramas para explicar estas relaciones. En este sentido, el propósito de este artículo es presentar un mapa conceptual de Logoterapia y Análisis Existencial. Con esta finalidad, utilizamos el análisis contrastivo para organizar conceptos extraídos de textos especializados. El resultado se expresa como un mapa conceptual de las relaciones entre los principales conceptos del sistema teórico investigado.

El bien vivir: ¿cuidado de la salud o proyecto vital? Segunda parte / To live well: health care or life project? Part II

Resumen: El sentido de la vida, la razón profunda del anhelo de vivir y la motivación para actuar en consecuencia, es el antecedente del proyecto vital (PV). Se argumenta cómo la lucha por la dignidad es el verdadero derrotero de superación de la condición humana y el eje de PV que aspiran al bien vivir. El PV que se propone es una aventura cognitiva que trasciende el consumismo, el individualismo y la pasividad en la búsqueda de otro mundo hospitalario e incluyente, donde tenga viabilidad la superación espiritual, intelectual y moral de la dignidad humana. Este PV entraña: a) una necesidad primaria: vincularse con otras subjetividades afines; b) un núcleo: la lucha incesante por la dignidad sublimada; c) un desiderátum: el bien vivir de las mayorías y d) un propósito indeclinable: la edificación sobre otros basamentos éticos, políticos, jurídicos, cognitivos y ecológicos, de un mundo propicio para el bien vivir. Se arguye acerca de la superioridad de proyectos vitales altruistas en la consecución del bien vivir comunitario, sobre los afanes centrados en la preservación y el cuidado de la salud que favorecen el individualismo, la pasividad y el statu quo. La búsqueda del "bien morir" es el mejor ejemplo de la influencia benéfica de este tipo de proyectos en el cuidado de la salud.

Abstract: On the basis that life project as the driving force behind the life experience, the quest for human dignity is the way for true progress and the improvement of human condition. It's pointed out the need to be aware of the meaning of life understanding the motives behind our will to live that is the antecedent of life project. The proposed life project is a cognitive adventure, capable of transcending consumerism, individualism and passivity, toward the creation of a more inclusive world where the improvement spiritual, intellectual and moral can be viable. Said life project entails: a) A primary need: to link oneself with like-minded people that synergize against the prevailing order b) A core: The everlasting struggle for sublimated dignity c) A desideratum: The well-being of the majority d) An unavoidable purpose: The creation of a suitable world build on different ethical, political, lawful, cognitive and ecological foundations. In conclusion, this paper analyzes the influence of projects with an alternate proposal to the endeavors centered in healthcare that favor individualism, passivity and the current status quo. The best example of said alternate proposals is the commonly called "good death".

El sentido de vida de las madres de niños prematuros internados en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) / The meaning of life of the mothers of premature babies who are hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

La prematuridad es una problemática que se encuentra en aumento a nivel mundial. En Argentina 8 de cada 100 bebés nacen antes de tiempo, de ahí la importancia de sensibilizar a la población sobre este tema. Para la logoterapia la motivación básica y propia del ser humano es su orientación fundamental hacia el sentido, es decir, el encontrar y descubrir un porqué y para qué. Tener en cuenta la dimensión existencial de la persona es una forma de acercarnos al problema. Por tal motivo el objetivo del trabajo que se informa fue relacionar el sentido de vida develado por las madres de niños que se encuentran internados en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) debido a su nacimiento prematuro con dos factores; por un lado con la capacidad que ellas mismas refieren para informarse adecuadamente acerca de la situación de su hijo y por el otro, con su vinculación con situaciones límite vividas durante el embarazo. Se realizó un estudio experimental con 30 madres de niños prematuros que han pasado por una internación en UCIN en tres instituciones hospitalarias. Se construyó un instrumento con formato de entrevista semidirigida llamado Vivencia de Madres de Niños Nacidos Prematuramente. Los resultados demuestran que las madres con mayor capacidad para solicitar información sobre la situación de sus hijos son las que pudieron dar respuestas acerca de la pregunta sobre el sentido que esta situación les permitía descubrir. En un porcentaje menor pudieron relacionarse las respuestas con situaciones límites vividas con anterioridad.

Prematurity is a problem which is getting bigger worldwide. In eight out of one hundred babies are born before their due time, that is why it is necessary to make the population conscious of this issue. In relation to this figure it is necessary to work on raising public awareness about prematurity and integrate thus subject to the public health agenda. For Logotherapy the basic human motivation is its fundamental orientation meaning the same psychological school posits the existence of the tragic triad. Others have called extreme situations; these are death, guilt and suffering. These situations which by their nature are permanent, you cannot work to change them, they are imposed situations that leave no alternative but to live them, to suffer, to experience, even if you want to run. They are fighting ability, the potential and the true self. It is in these extreme situations that person forgets the surface world and struggle for existence. None of them can be avoided by humans. Taking into account the existential sphere of the person is a way of approaching the problem, therefore, the aim of this project is to relate the meaning of life shown by the mothers of those children who are hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) owing to their premature birth, with two factors. On the one hand, with the capability they themselves refer to of getting information properly about their child‘s situation and, on the other hand, with their connection with extreme situations experienced during their pregnancy. Our search is based on an experimental study of 30 premature babies’ mothers that have undergone a hospitalization in the NICU. Knowing this dimension of the person, is a contribution to the awareness of health personnel working with families that this type of situation is passing , it is also a starting point for a possible psychological treatment and a tool to strengthen the link between mother and infant. A tool was built, in the shape of a semi - addressed interview call ed premature babies mothers’ personal experiences with the aim of approaching the study properly. This model is based on five areas, beginning with formal details, then it enquires about the pregnancy, the labor, the hospitalization and the conclusions. It includes questions related to the meaning of life displayed in the hospitalization situation, the capability the person has to get informed properly about her baby’s situation, the relationship with doctors and nurses, contradictory feelings, among other items. Results show that the mothers with greater capability to ask for information about their children’s situation are the ones who could answer about the meaning this experience give them. The highest percentage of coincidence belongs to the group of moderate premature babies, decreasing progressively to the extreme premature ones. In a lower percentage we could relate the answers of meaning with extreme situations lived before. In some cases meaning, information and previous extreme situations are co-related. There are five areas in the mothers’ answers according to the meaning they get from the situation they lived. They are: learning, valuation, personal growth and acceptance of the situation they lived, beliefs and religion and general responses. The meaning of life allows us to open the doors for future studies in which we may be able to elaborate strategies of work with mothers and their children hospitalized in the NICU, considering the existential aspect of the person, above all supporting them in extreme situations and in the handling of information as a way of facing them.

Contribuições de Viktor Frankl ao movimento da saúde coletiva / Viktor Frankl's contributions for the colective health movement / Contribuciones de Viktor Frankl al movimiento de la salud colectiva

Estudo teórico, em que se apresenta a Logoterapia de Viktor Frankl, enfatizando sua concepção sobre a busca e a descoberta/encontro com o sentido da vida, bem como o vazio existencial, e suas decorrências. Apresenta-se brevemente o movimento da Saúde Coletiva. Propõe-se reflexão sobre contribuições de Viktor Frankl para a Saúde coletiva: é possível um diálogo profícuo entre Saúde Coletiva e Logoterapia.

Theoretical study presenting Viktor Frankl's Logotherapy, emphasizing its conception about the search and discovery/meeting of a meaning to life, as well as the existential emptiness and its consequences. The Collective Health Movement is briefly presented. There is a proposal of a reflection about Viktor Frankl's contributions for the Collective Health: it is possible a fruitful dialogue between Collective Health and Logotherapy.

Estudio teórico donde se presenta la Logoterapia de Viktor Frankl, enfatizando su concepción acerca de la busqueda y descubrimiento/encuentro com el sentido de la vida, así como el vacío existencial y sus derivaciones. Brevemente se presenta el movimiento de La Salud Colectiva. Se propone una reflexión acerca de las contribuciones de Viktor Frankl para La Salud Colectiva: Es posible un dialogo fructífero entre La Salud Colectiva y Logoterapia.